We are grateful to Professor Johanna Pink and Lien Iffah Naf‘atu Fina for organising this event and to the participants for their valuable feedback. This paper was presented in the Qurʾanic Studies in Indonesia Zoom Talk Series conducted by IQSA-AIAT on 9 December 2020. We thank the staff of the library and museum of the Radyapustaka and the library of Masjid Agung Surakarta for their assistance during our visits. Our gratitude is also extended to our colleagues, Professor Nico Kaptein and Ahmad Thobari, for fruitful discussions during this research. Hum and John Paterson as the Director and the Commissioner of the Foundation, together with all the staff, for the transliteration project that provided the manuscripts of the Javanese Qurʾan. Research for this article received helpful assistance from the transliteration project conducted by the Yayasan Sastra Lestari of Surakarta between 20. In the broader context, the study of Ngarpah’s Kuran Jawi confirms the emergence of awareness among the Javanese priyayi of Islamic modernism through their attempts at having a direct approach to the study of the Qurʾan. This study also reveals a complexity in the use of Arabic references that include non-Arabic commentary works. An examination of the applied verse counts reveals that Kuran Jawi is accommodative to multiple numbering systems, and also contains idiosyncrasies. The authors examine aspects of the verse numbering system and Arabic references that Ngarpah used for the arrangement of his work. This Javanese Qurʾanic translation, Kuran Jawi, was carried out by Bagus Ngarpah, a royal servant ( abdi dalem) and Islamic scholar in the early 20th-century Javanese keraton of Surakarta. Its focus is on the examination of the three-volume manuscript that contains the Qurʾanic translation in Javanese script and language that is now held in the library collection of the Radyapustaka Museum in Surakarta, Central Java. This article examines the exegetical activity in the composition of Kuran Jawi, a Qurʾanic translation from the turn of the 20th-century.
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